1 /*
2  * simple memory allocator, backed by mmap() so that it hands out memory
3  * that can be shared across processes and threads
4  */
5 #include <sys/mman.h>
6 #include <stdio.h>
7 #include <stdlib.h>
8 #include <assert.h>
9 #include <string.h>
10 #include <unistd.h>
11 #include <inttypes.h>
12 #include <sys/types.h>
13 #include <limits.h>
14 #include <fcntl.h>
15 
16 #include "mutex.h"
17 #include "arch/arch.h"
18 #include "os/os.h"
19 #include "smalloc.h"
20 #include "log.h"
21 
22 #define SMALLOC_REDZONE		/* define to detect memory corruption */
23 
24 #define SMALLOC_BPB	32	/* block size, bytes-per-bit in bitmap */
25 #define SMALLOC_BPI	(sizeof(unsigned int) * 8)
26 #define SMALLOC_BPL	(SMALLOC_BPB * SMALLOC_BPI)
27 
28 #define INITIAL_SIZE	16*1024*1024	/* new pool size */
29 #define MAX_POOLS	8		/* maximum number of pools to setup */
30 
31 #define SMALLOC_PRE_RED		0xdeadbeefU
32 #define SMALLOC_POST_RED	0x5aa55aa5U
33 
34 unsigned int smalloc_pool_size = INITIAL_SIZE;
35 static const int int_mask = sizeof(int) - 1;
36 
37 struct pool {
38 	struct fio_mutex *lock;			/* protects this pool */
39 	void *map;				/* map of blocks */
40 	unsigned int *bitmap;			/* blocks free/busy map */
41 	size_t free_blocks;		/* free blocks */
42 	size_t nr_blocks;			/* total blocks */
43 	size_t next_non_full;
44 	size_t mmap_size;
45 };
46 
47 struct block_hdr {
48 	size_t size;
49 #ifdef SMALLOC_REDZONE
50 	unsigned int prered;
51 #endif
52 };
53 
54 static struct pool mp[MAX_POOLS];
55 static unsigned int nr_pools;
56 static unsigned int last_pool;
57 static struct fio_rwlock *lock;
58 
pool_lock(struct pool * pool)59 static inline void pool_lock(struct pool *pool)
60 {
61 	fio_mutex_down(pool->lock);
62 }
63 
pool_unlock(struct pool * pool)64 static inline void pool_unlock(struct pool *pool)
65 {
66 	fio_mutex_up(pool->lock);
67 }
68 
global_read_lock(void)69 static inline void global_read_lock(void)
70 {
71 	fio_rwlock_read(lock);
72 }
73 
global_read_unlock(void)74 static inline void global_read_unlock(void)
75 {
76 	fio_rwlock_unlock(lock);
77 }
78 
global_write_lock(void)79 static inline void global_write_lock(void)
80 {
81 	fio_rwlock_write(lock);
82 }
83 
global_write_unlock(void)84 static inline void global_write_unlock(void)
85 {
86 	fio_rwlock_unlock(lock);
87 }
88 
ptr_valid(struct pool * pool,void * ptr)89 static inline int ptr_valid(struct pool *pool, void *ptr)
90 {
91 	unsigned int pool_size = pool->nr_blocks * SMALLOC_BPL;
92 
93 	return (ptr >= pool->map) && (ptr < pool->map + pool_size);
94 }
95 
size_to_blocks(size_t size)96 static inline size_t size_to_blocks(size_t size)
97 {
98 	return (size + SMALLOC_BPB - 1) / SMALLOC_BPB;
99 }
100 
blocks_iter(struct pool * pool,unsigned int pool_idx,unsigned int idx,size_t nr_blocks,int (* func)(unsigned int * map,unsigned int mask))101 static int blocks_iter(struct pool *pool, unsigned int pool_idx,
102 		       unsigned int idx, size_t nr_blocks,
103 		       int (*func)(unsigned int *map, unsigned int mask))
104 {
105 
106 	while (nr_blocks) {
107 		unsigned int this_blocks, mask;
108 		unsigned int *map;
109 
110 		if (pool_idx >= pool->nr_blocks)
111 			return 0;
112 
113 		map = &pool->bitmap[pool_idx];
114 
115 		this_blocks = nr_blocks;
116 		if (this_blocks + idx > SMALLOC_BPI) {
117 			this_blocks = SMALLOC_BPI - idx;
118 			idx = SMALLOC_BPI - this_blocks;
119 		}
120 
121 		if (this_blocks == SMALLOC_BPI)
122 			mask = -1U;
123 		else
124 			mask = ((1U << this_blocks) - 1) << idx;
125 
126 		if (!func(map, mask))
127 			return 0;
128 
129 		nr_blocks -= this_blocks;
130 		idx = 0;
131 		pool_idx++;
132 	}
133 
134 	return 1;
135 }
136 
mask_cmp(unsigned int * map,unsigned int mask)137 static int mask_cmp(unsigned int *map, unsigned int mask)
138 {
139 	return !(*map & mask);
140 }
141 
mask_clear(unsigned int * map,unsigned int mask)142 static int mask_clear(unsigned int *map, unsigned int mask)
143 {
144 	assert((*map & mask) == mask);
145 	*map &= ~mask;
146 	return 1;
147 }
148 
mask_set(unsigned int * map,unsigned int mask)149 static int mask_set(unsigned int *map, unsigned int mask)
150 {
151 	assert(!(*map & mask));
152 	*map |= mask;
153 	return 1;
154 }
155 
blocks_free(struct pool * pool,unsigned int pool_idx,unsigned int idx,size_t nr_blocks)156 static int blocks_free(struct pool *pool, unsigned int pool_idx,
157 		       unsigned int idx, size_t nr_blocks)
158 {
159 	return blocks_iter(pool, pool_idx, idx, nr_blocks, mask_cmp);
160 }
161 
set_blocks(struct pool * pool,unsigned int pool_idx,unsigned int idx,size_t nr_blocks)162 static void set_blocks(struct pool *pool, unsigned int pool_idx,
163 		       unsigned int idx, size_t nr_blocks)
164 {
165 	blocks_iter(pool, pool_idx, idx, nr_blocks, mask_set);
166 }
167 
clear_blocks(struct pool * pool,unsigned int pool_idx,unsigned int idx,size_t nr_blocks)168 static void clear_blocks(struct pool *pool, unsigned int pool_idx,
169 			 unsigned int idx, size_t nr_blocks)
170 {
171 	blocks_iter(pool, pool_idx, idx, nr_blocks, mask_clear);
172 }
173 
find_next_zero(int word,int start)174 static int find_next_zero(int word, int start)
175 {
176 	assert(word != -1U);
177 	word >>= start;
178 	return ffz(word) + start;
179 }
180 
add_pool(struct pool * pool,unsigned int alloc_size)181 static int add_pool(struct pool *pool, unsigned int alloc_size)
182 {
183 	int bitmap_blocks;
184 	int mmap_flags;
185 	void *ptr;
186 
187 #ifdef SMALLOC_REDZONE
188 	alloc_size += sizeof(unsigned int);
189 #endif
190 	alloc_size += sizeof(struct block_hdr);
191 	if (alloc_size < INITIAL_SIZE)
192 		alloc_size = INITIAL_SIZE;
193 
194 	/* round up to nearest full number of blocks */
195 	alloc_size = (alloc_size + SMALLOC_BPL - 1) & ~(SMALLOC_BPL - 1);
196 	bitmap_blocks = alloc_size / SMALLOC_BPL;
197 	alloc_size += bitmap_blocks * sizeof(unsigned int);
198 	pool->mmap_size = alloc_size;
199 
200 	pool->nr_blocks = bitmap_blocks;
201 	pool->free_blocks = bitmap_blocks * SMALLOC_BPB;
202 
203 	mmap_flags = OS_MAP_ANON;
204 #ifdef CONFIG_ESX
205 	mmap_flags |= MAP_PRIVATE;
206 #else
207 	mmap_flags |= MAP_SHARED;
208 #endif
209 	ptr = mmap(NULL, alloc_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, mmap_flags, -1, 0);
210 
211 	if (ptr == MAP_FAILED)
212 		goto out_fail;
213 
214 	memset(ptr, 0, alloc_size);
215 	pool->map = ptr;
216 	pool->bitmap = (void *) ptr + (pool->nr_blocks * SMALLOC_BPL);
217 
218 	pool->lock = fio_mutex_init(FIO_MUTEX_UNLOCKED);
219 	if (!pool->lock)
220 		goto out_fail;
221 
222 	nr_pools++;
223 	return 0;
224 out_fail:
225 	log_err("smalloc: failed adding pool\n");
226 	if (pool->map)
227 		munmap(pool->map, pool->mmap_size);
228 	return 1;
229 }
230 
sinit(void)231 void sinit(void)
232 {
233 	int i, ret;
234 
235 	lock = fio_rwlock_init();
236 
237 	for (i = 0; i < MAX_POOLS; i++) {
238 		ret = add_pool(&mp[i], INITIAL_SIZE);
239 		if (ret)
240 			break;
241 	}
242 
243 	/*
244 	 * If we added at least one pool, we should be OK for most
245 	 * cases.
246 	 */
247 	assert(i);
248 }
249 
cleanup_pool(struct pool * pool)250 static void cleanup_pool(struct pool *pool)
251 {
252 	/*
253 	 * This will also remove the temporary file we used as a backing
254 	 * store, it was already unlinked
255 	 */
256 	munmap(pool->map, pool->mmap_size);
257 
258 	if (pool->lock)
259 		fio_mutex_remove(pool->lock);
260 }
261 
scleanup(void)262 void scleanup(void)
263 {
264 	unsigned int i;
265 
266 	for (i = 0; i < nr_pools; i++)
267 		cleanup_pool(&mp[i]);
268 
269 	if (lock)
270 		fio_rwlock_remove(lock);
271 }
272 
273 #ifdef SMALLOC_REDZONE
postred_ptr(struct block_hdr * hdr)274 static void *postred_ptr(struct block_hdr *hdr)
275 {
276 	uintptr_t ptr;
277 
278 	ptr = (uintptr_t) hdr + hdr->size - sizeof(unsigned int);
279 	ptr = (ptr + int_mask) & ~int_mask;
280 
281 	return (void *) ptr;
282 }
283 
fill_redzone(struct block_hdr * hdr)284 static void fill_redzone(struct block_hdr *hdr)
285 {
286 	unsigned int *postred = postred_ptr(hdr);
287 
288 	hdr->prered = SMALLOC_PRE_RED;
289 	*postred = SMALLOC_POST_RED;
290 }
291 
sfree_check_redzone(struct block_hdr * hdr)292 static void sfree_check_redzone(struct block_hdr *hdr)
293 {
294 	unsigned int *postred = postred_ptr(hdr);
295 
296 	if (hdr->prered != SMALLOC_PRE_RED) {
297 		log_err("smalloc pre redzone destroyed!\n"
298 			" ptr=%p, prered=%x, expected %x\n",
299 				hdr, hdr->prered, SMALLOC_PRE_RED);
300 		assert(0);
301 	}
302 	if (*postred != SMALLOC_POST_RED) {
303 		log_err("smalloc post redzone destroyed!\n"
304 			"  ptr=%p, postred=%x, expected %x\n",
305 				hdr, *postred, SMALLOC_POST_RED);
306 		assert(0);
307 	}
308 }
309 #else
fill_redzone(struct block_hdr * hdr)310 static void fill_redzone(struct block_hdr *hdr)
311 {
312 }
313 
sfree_check_redzone(struct block_hdr * hdr)314 static void sfree_check_redzone(struct block_hdr *hdr)
315 {
316 }
317 #endif
318 
sfree_pool(struct pool * pool,void * ptr)319 static void sfree_pool(struct pool *pool, void *ptr)
320 {
321 	struct block_hdr *hdr;
322 	unsigned int i, idx;
323 	unsigned long offset;
324 
325 	if (!ptr)
326 		return;
327 
328 	ptr -= sizeof(*hdr);
329 	hdr = ptr;
330 
331 	assert(ptr_valid(pool, ptr));
332 
333 	sfree_check_redzone(hdr);
334 
335 	offset = ptr - pool->map;
336 	i = offset / SMALLOC_BPL;
337 	idx = (offset % SMALLOC_BPL) / SMALLOC_BPB;
338 
339 	pool_lock(pool);
340 	clear_blocks(pool, i, idx, size_to_blocks(hdr->size));
341 	if (i < pool->next_non_full)
342 		pool->next_non_full = i;
343 	pool->free_blocks += size_to_blocks(hdr->size);
344 	pool_unlock(pool);
345 }
346 
sfree(void * ptr)347 void sfree(void *ptr)
348 {
349 	struct pool *pool = NULL;
350 	unsigned int i;
351 
352 	if (!ptr)
353 		return;
354 
355 	global_read_lock();
356 
357 	for (i = 0; i < nr_pools; i++) {
358 		if (ptr_valid(&mp[i], ptr)) {
359 			pool = &mp[i];
360 			break;
361 		}
362 	}
363 
364 	global_read_unlock();
365 
366 	assert(pool);
367 	sfree_pool(pool, ptr);
368 }
369 
__smalloc_pool(struct pool * pool,size_t size)370 static void *__smalloc_pool(struct pool *pool, size_t size)
371 {
372 	size_t nr_blocks;
373 	unsigned int i;
374 	unsigned int offset;
375 	unsigned int last_idx;
376 	void *ret = NULL;
377 
378 	pool_lock(pool);
379 
380 	nr_blocks = size_to_blocks(size);
381 	if (nr_blocks > pool->free_blocks)
382 		goto fail;
383 
384 	i = pool->next_non_full;
385 	last_idx = 0;
386 	offset = -1U;
387 	while (i < pool->nr_blocks) {
388 		unsigned int idx;
389 
390 		if (pool->bitmap[i] == -1U) {
391 			i++;
392 			pool->next_non_full = i;
393 			last_idx = 0;
394 			continue;
395 		}
396 
397 		idx = find_next_zero(pool->bitmap[i], last_idx);
398 		if (!blocks_free(pool, i, idx, nr_blocks)) {
399 			idx += nr_blocks;
400 			if (idx < SMALLOC_BPI)
401 				last_idx = idx;
402 			else {
403 				last_idx = 0;
404 				while (idx >= SMALLOC_BPI) {
405 					i++;
406 					idx -= SMALLOC_BPI;
407 				}
408 			}
409 			continue;
410 		}
411 		set_blocks(pool, i, idx, nr_blocks);
412 		offset = i * SMALLOC_BPL + idx * SMALLOC_BPB;
413 		break;
414 	}
415 
416 	if (i < pool->nr_blocks) {
417 		pool->free_blocks -= nr_blocks;
418 		ret = pool->map + offset;
419 	}
420 fail:
421 	pool_unlock(pool);
422 	return ret;
423 }
424 
smalloc_pool(struct pool * pool,size_t size)425 static void *smalloc_pool(struct pool *pool, size_t size)
426 {
427 	size_t alloc_size = size + sizeof(struct block_hdr);
428 	void *ptr;
429 
430 	/*
431 	 * Round to int alignment, so that the postred pointer will
432 	 * be naturally aligned as well.
433 	 */
434 #ifdef SMALLOC_REDZONE
435 	alloc_size += sizeof(unsigned int);
436 	alloc_size = (alloc_size + int_mask) & ~int_mask;
437 #endif
438 
439 	ptr = __smalloc_pool(pool, alloc_size);
440 	if (ptr) {
441 		struct block_hdr *hdr = ptr;
442 
443 		hdr->size = alloc_size;
444 		fill_redzone(hdr);
445 
446 		ptr += sizeof(*hdr);
447 		memset(ptr, 0, size);
448 	}
449 
450 	return ptr;
451 }
452 
smalloc(size_t size)453 void *smalloc(size_t size)
454 {
455 	unsigned int i, end_pool;
456 
457 	if (size != (unsigned int) size)
458 		return NULL;
459 
460 	global_write_lock();
461 	i = last_pool;
462 	end_pool = nr_pools;
463 
464 	do {
465 		for (; i < end_pool; i++) {
466 			void *ptr = smalloc_pool(&mp[i], size);
467 
468 			if (ptr) {
469 				last_pool = i;
470 				global_write_unlock();
471 				return ptr;
472 			}
473 		}
474 		if (last_pool) {
475 			end_pool = last_pool;
476 			last_pool = i = 0;
477 			continue;
478 		}
479 
480 		break;
481 	} while (1);
482 
483 	global_write_unlock();
484 	return NULL;
485 }
486 
scalloc(size_t nmemb,size_t size)487 void *scalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size)
488 {
489 	void *ret;
490 
491 	ret = smalloc(nmemb * size);
492 	if (ret)
493 		memset(ret, 0, nmemb * size);
494 
495 	return ret;
496 }
497 
smalloc_strdup(const char * str)498 char *smalloc_strdup(const char *str)
499 {
500 	char *ptr = NULL;
501 
502 	ptr = smalloc(strlen(str) + 1);
503 	if (ptr)
504 		strcpy(ptr, str);
505 	return ptr;
506 }
507