1 //===-- examples/HowToUseJIT/HowToUseJIT.cpp - An example use of the JIT --===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 //  This small program provides an example of how to quickly build a small
11 //  module with two functions and execute it with the JIT.
12 //
13 // Goal:
14 //  The goal of this snippet is to create in the memory
15 //  the LLVM module consisting of two functions as follow:
16 //
17 // int add1(int x) {
18 //   return x+1;
19 // }
20 //
21 // int foo() {
22 //   return add1(10);
23 // }
24 //
25 // then compile the module via JIT, then execute the `foo'
26 // function and return result to a driver, i.e. to a "host program".
27 //
28 // Some remarks and questions:
29 //
30 // - could we invoke some code using noname functions too?
31 //   e.g. evaluate "foo()+foo()" without fears to introduce
32 //   conflict of temporary function name with some real
33 //   existing function name?
34 //
35 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
36 
37 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
38 #include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/GenericValue.h"
39 #include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/Interpreter.h"
40 #include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
41 #include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
42 #include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
43 #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
44 #include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
45 #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
46 #include "llvm/Support/ManagedStatic.h"
47 #include "llvm/Support/TargetSelect.h"
48 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
49 
50 using namespace llvm;
51 
main()52 int main() {
53 
54   InitializeNativeTarget();
55 
56   LLVMContext Context;
57 
58   // Create some module to put our function into it.
59   std::unique_ptr<Module> Owner = make_unique<Module>("test", Context);
60   Module *M = Owner.get();
61 
62   // Create the add1 function entry and insert this entry into module M.  The
63   // function will have a return type of "int" and take an argument of "int".
64   // The '0' terminates the list of argument types.
65   Function *Add1F =
66     cast<Function>(M->getOrInsertFunction("add1", Type::getInt32Ty(Context),
67                                           Type::getInt32Ty(Context),
68                                           nullptr));
69 
70   // Add a basic block to the function. As before, it automatically inserts
71   // because of the last argument.
72   BasicBlock *BB = BasicBlock::Create(Context, "EntryBlock", Add1F);
73 
74   // Create a basic block builder with default parameters.  The builder will
75   // automatically append instructions to the basic block `BB'.
76   IRBuilder<> builder(BB);
77 
78   // Get pointers to the constant `1'.
79   Value *One = builder.getInt32(1);
80 
81   // Get pointers to the integer argument of the add1 function...
82   assert(Add1F->arg_begin() != Add1F->arg_end()); // Make sure there's an arg
83   Argument *ArgX = &*Add1F->arg_begin();          // Get the arg
84   ArgX->setName("AnArg");            // Give it a nice symbolic name for fun.
85 
86   // Create the add instruction, inserting it into the end of BB.
87   Value *Add = builder.CreateAdd(One, ArgX);
88 
89   // Create the return instruction and add it to the basic block
90   builder.CreateRet(Add);
91 
92   // Now, function add1 is ready.
93 
94   // Now we're going to create function `foo', which returns an int and takes no
95   // arguments.
96   Function *FooF =
97     cast<Function>(M->getOrInsertFunction("foo", Type::getInt32Ty(Context),
98                                           nullptr));
99 
100   // Add a basic block to the FooF function.
101   BB = BasicBlock::Create(Context, "EntryBlock", FooF);
102 
103   // Tell the basic block builder to attach itself to the new basic block
104   builder.SetInsertPoint(BB);
105 
106   // Get pointer to the constant `10'.
107   Value *Ten = builder.getInt32(10);
108 
109   // Pass Ten to the call to Add1F
110   CallInst *Add1CallRes = builder.CreateCall(Add1F, Ten);
111   Add1CallRes->setTailCall(true);
112 
113   // Create the return instruction and add it to the basic block.
114   builder.CreateRet(Add1CallRes);
115 
116   // Now we create the JIT.
117   ExecutionEngine* EE = EngineBuilder(std::move(Owner)).create();
118 
119   outs() << "We just constructed this LLVM module:\n\n" << *M;
120   outs() << "\n\nRunning foo: ";
121   outs().flush();
122 
123   // Call the `foo' function with no arguments:
124   std::vector<GenericValue> noargs;
125   GenericValue gv = EE->runFunction(FooF, noargs);
126 
127   // Import result of execution:
128   outs() << "Result: " << gv.IntVal << "\n";
129   delete EE;
130   llvm_shutdown();
131   return 0;
132 }
133