1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
3  * Use of this source code is governed by the GPLv2 license.
4  *
5  * test_harness.h: simple C unit test helper.
6  *
7  * Usage:
8  *   #include "test_harness.h"
9  *   TEST(standalone_test) {
10  *     do_some_stuff;
11  *     EXPECT_GT(10, stuff) {
12  *        stuff_state_t state;
13  *        enumerate_stuff_state(&state);
14  *        TH_LOG("expectation failed with state: %s", state.msg);
15  *     }
16  *     more_stuff;
17  *     ASSERT_NE(some_stuff, NULL) TH_LOG("how did it happen?!");
18  *     last_stuff;
19  *     EXPECT_EQ(0, last_stuff);
20  *   }
21  *
22  *   FIXTURE(my_fixture) {
23  *     mytype_t *data;
24  *     int awesomeness_level;
25  *   };
26  *   FIXTURE_SETUP(my_fixture) {
27  *     self->data = mytype_new();
28  *     ASSERT_NE(NULL, self->data);
29  *   }
30  *   FIXTURE_TEARDOWN(my_fixture) {
31  *     mytype_free(self->data);
32  *   }
33  *   TEST_F(my_fixture, data_is_good) {
34  *     EXPECT_EQ(1, is_my_data_good(self->data));
35  *   }
36  *
37  *   TEST_HARNESS_MAIN
38  *
39  * API inspired by code.google.com/p/googletest
40  */
41 #ifndef TEST_HARNESS_H_
42 #define TEST_HARNESS_H_
43 
44 #define _GNU_SOURCE
45 #include <stdint.h>
46 #include <stdio.h>
47 #include <stdlib.h>
48 #include <string.h>
49 #include <sys/types.h>
50 #include <sys/wait.h>
51 #include <unistd.h>
52 
53 /* All exported functionality should be declared through this macro. */
54 #define TEST_API(x) _##x
55 
56 /*
57  * Exported APIs
58  */
59 
60 /* TEST(name) { implementation }
61  * Defines a test by name.
62  * Names must be unique and tests must not be run in parallel.  The
63  * implementation containing block is a function and scoping should be treated
64  * as such.  Returning early may be performed with a bare "return;" statement.
65  *
66  * EXPECT_* and ASSERT_* are valid in a TEST() { } context.
67  */
68 #define TEST TEST_API(TEST)
69 
70 /* TEST_SIGNAL(name, signal) { implementation }
71  * Defines a test by name and the expected term signal.
72  * Names must be unique and tests must not be run in parallel.  The
73  * implementation containing block is a function and scoping should be treated
74  * as such.  Returning early may be performed with a bare "return;" statement.
75  *
76  * EXPECT_* and ASSERT_* are valid in a TEST() { } context.
77  */
78 #define TEST_SIGNAL TEST_API(TEST_SIGNAL)
79 
80 /* FIXTURE(datatype name) {
81  *   type property1;
82  *   ...
83  * };
84  * Defines the data provided to TEST_F()-defined tests as |self|.  It should be
85  * populated and cleaned up using FIXTURE_SETUP and FIXTURE_TEARDOWN.
86  */
87 #define FIXTURE TEST_API(FIXTURE)
88 
89 /* FIXTURE_DATA(datatype name)
90  * This call may be used when the type of the fixture data
91  * is needed.  In general, this should not be needed unless
92  * the |self| is being passed to a helper directly.
93  */
94 #define FIXTURE_DATA TEST_API(FIXTURE_DATA)
95 
96 /* FIXTURE_SETUP(fixture name) { implementation }
97  * Populates the required "setup" function for a fixture.  An instance of the
98  * datatype defined with _FIXTURE_DATA will be exposed as |self| for the
99  * implementation.
100  *
101  * ASSERT_* are valid for use in this context and will prempt the execution
102  * of any dependent fixture tests.
103  *
104  * A bare "return;" statement may be used to return early.
105  */
106 #define FIXTURE_SETUP TEST_API(FIXTURE_SETUP)
107 
108 /* FIXTURE_TEARDOWN(fixture name) { implementation }
109  * Populates the required "teardown" function for a fixture.  An instance of the
110  * datatype defined with _FIXTURE_DATA will be exposed as |self| for the
111  * implementation to clean up.
112  *
113  * A bare "return;" statement may be used to return early.
114  */
115 #define FIXTURE_TEARDOWN TEST_API(FIXTURE_TEARDOWN)
116 
117 /* TEST_F(fixture, name) { implementation }
118  * Defines a test that depends on a fixture (e.g., is part of a test case).
119  * Very similar to TEST() except that |self| is the setup instance of fixture's
120  * datatype exposed for use by the implementation.
121  */
122 #define TEST_F TEST_API(TEST_F)
123 
124 #define TEST_F_SIGNAL TEST_API(TEST_F_SIGNAL)
125 
126 /* Use once to append a main() to the test file. E.g.,
127  *   TEST_HARNESS_MAIN
128  */
129 #define TEST_HARNESS_MAIN TEST_API(TEST_HARNESS_MAIN)
130 
131 /*
132  * Operators for use in TEST and TEST_F.
133  * ASSERT_* calls will stop test execution immediately.
134  * EXPECT_* calls will emit a failure warning, note it, and continue.
135  */
136 
137 /* ASSERT_EQ(expected, measured): expected == measured */
138 #define ASSERT_EQ TEST_API(ASSERT_EQ)
139 /* ASSERT_NE(expected, measured): expected != measured */
140 #define ASSERT_NE TEST_API(ASSERT_NE)
141 /* ASSERT_LT(expected, measured): expected < measured */
142 #define ASSERT_LT TEST_API(ASSERT_LT)
143 /* ASSERT_LE(expected, measured): expected <= measured */
144 #define ASSERT_LE TEST_API(ASSERT_LE)
145 /* ASSERT_GT(expected, measured): expected > measured */
146 #define ASSERT_GT TEST_API(ASSERT_GT)
147 /* ASSERT_GE(expected, measured): expected >= measured */
148 #define ASSERT_GE TEST_API(ASSERT_GE)
149 /* ASSERT_NULL(measured): NULL == measured */
150 #define ASSERT_NULL TEST_API(ASSERT_NULL)
151 /* ASSERT_TRUE(measured): measured != 0 */
152 #define ASSERT_TRUE TEST_API(ASSERT_TRUE)
153 /* ASSERT_FALSE(measured): measured == 0 */
154 #define ASSERT_FALSE TEST_API(ASSERT_FALSE)
155 /* ASSERT_STREQ(expected, measured): !strcmp(expected, measured) */
156 #define ASSERT_STREQ TEST_API(ASSERT_STREQ)
157 /* ASSERT_STRNE(expected, measured): strcmp(expected, measured) */
158 #define ASSERT_STRNE TEST_API(ASSERT_STRNE)
159 /* EXPECT_EQ(expected, measured): expected == measured */
160 #define EXPECT_EQ TEST_API(EXPECT_EQ)
161 /* EXPECT_NE(expected, measured): expected != measured */
162 #define EXPECT_NE TEST_API(EXPECT_NE)
163 /* EXPECT_LT(expected, measured): expected < measured */
164 #define EXPECT_LT TEST_API(EXPECT_LT)
165 /* EXPECT_LE(expected, measured): expected <= measured */
166 #define EXPECT_LE TEST_API(EXPECT_LE)
167 /* EXPECT_GT(expected, measured): expected > measured */
168 #define EXPECT_GT TEST_API(EXPECT_GT)
169 /* EXPECT_GE(expected, measured): expected >= measured */
170 #define EXPECT_GE TEST_API(EXPECT_GE)
171 /* EXPECT_NULL(measured): NULL == measured */
172 #define EXPECT_NULL TEST_API(EXPECT_NULL)
173 /* EXPECT_TRUE(measured): 0 != measured */
174 #define EXPECT_TRUE TEST_API(EXPECT_TRUE)
175 /* EXPECT_FALSE(measured): 0 == measured */
176 #define EXPECT_FALSE TEST_API(EXPECT_FALSE)
177 /* EXPECT_STREQ(expected, measured): !strcmp(expected, measured) */
178 #define EXPECT_STREQ TEST_API(EXPECT_STREQ)
179 /* EXPECT_STRNE(expected, measured): strcmp(expected, measured) */
180 #define EXPECT_STRNE TEST_API(EXPECT_STRNE)
181 
182 /* TH_LOG(format, ...)
183  * Optional debug logging function available for use in tests.
184  * Logging may be enabled or disabled by defining TH_LOG_ENABLED.
185  * E.g., #define TH_LOG_ENABLED 1
186  * If no definition is provided, logging is enabled by default.
187  */
188 #define TH_LOG  TEST_API(TH_LOG)
189 
190 /*
191  * Internal implementation.
192  *
193  */
194 
195 /* Utilities exposed to the test definitions */
196 #ifndef TH_LOG_STREAM
197 #  define TH_LOG_STREAM stderr
198 #endif
199 
200 #ifndef TH_LOG_ENABLED
201 #  define TH_LOG_ENABLED 1
202 #endif
203 
204 #define _TH_LOG(fmt, ...) do { \
205 	if (TH_LOG_ENABLED) \
206 		__TH_LOG(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
207 } while (0)
208 
209 /* Unconditional logger for internal use. */
210 #define __TH_LOG(fmt, ...) \
211 		fprintf(TH_LOG_STREAM, "%s:%d:%s:" fmt "\n", \
212 			__FILE__, __LINE__, _metadata->name, ##__VA_ARGS__)
213 
214 /* Defines the test function and creates the registration stub. */
215 #define _TEST(test_name) __TEST_IMPL(test_name, -1)
216 
217 #define _TEST_SIGNAL(test_name, signal) __TEST_IMPL(test_name, signal)
218 
219 #define __TEST_IMPL(test_name, _signal) \
220 	static void test_name(struct __test_metadata *_metadata); \
221 	static struct __test_metadata _##test_name##_object = \
222 		{ name: "global." #test_name, \
223 		  fn: &test_name, termsig: _signal }; \
224 	static void __attribute__((constructor)) _register_##test_name(void) \
225 	{ \
226 		__register_test(&_##test_name##_object); \
227 	} \
228 	static void test_name( \
229 		struct __test_metadata __attribute__((unused)) *_metadata)
230 
231 /* Wraps the struct name so we have one less argument to pass around. */
232 #define _FIXTURE_DATA(fixture_name) struct _test_data_##fixture_name
233 
234 /* Called once per fixture to setup the data and register. */
235 #define _FIXTURE(fixture_name) \
236 	static void __attribute__((constructor)) \
237 	_register_##fixture_name##_data(void) \
238 	{ \
239 		__fixture_count++; \
240 	} \
241 	_FIXTURE_DATA(fixture_name)
242 
243 /* Prepares the setup function for the fixture.  |_metadata| is included
244  * so that ASSERT_* work as a convenience.
245  */
246 #define _FIXTURE_SETUP(fixture_name) \
247 	void fixture_name##_setup( \
248 		struct __test_metadata __attribute__((unused)) *_metadata, \
249 		_FIXTURE_DATA(fixture_name) __attribute__((unused)) *self)
250 #define _FIXTURE_TEARDOWN(fixture_name) \
251 	void fixture_name##_teardown( \
252 		struct __test_metadata __attribute__((unused)) *_metadata, \
253 		_FIXTURE_DATA(fixture_name) __attribute__((unused)) *self)
254 
255 /* Emits test registration and helpers for fixture-based test
256  * cases.
257  * TODO(wad) register fixtures on dedicated test lists.
258  */
259 #define _TEST_F(fixture_name, test_name) \
260 	__TEST_F_IMPL(fixture_name, test_name, -1)
261 
262 #define _TEST_F_SIGNAL(fixture_name, test_name, signal) \
263 	__TEST_F_IMPL(fixture_name, test_name, signal)
264 
265 #define __TEST_F_IMPL(fixture_name, test_name, signal) \
266 	static void fixture_name##_##test_name( \
267 		struct __test_metadata *_metadata, \
268 		_FIXTURE_DATA(fixture_name) *self); \
269 	static inline void wrapper_##fixture_name##_##test_name( \
270 		struct __test_metadata *_metadata) \
271 	{ \
272 		/* fixture data is alloced, setup, and torn down per call. */ \
273 		_FIXTURE_DATA(fixture_name) self; \
274 		memset(&self, 0, sizeof(_FIXTURE_DATA(fixture_name))); \
275 		fixture_name##_setup(_metadata, &self); \
276 		/* Let setup failure terminate early. */ \
277 		if (!_metadata->passed) \
278 			return; \
279 		fixture_name##_##test_name(_metadata, &self); \
280 		fixture_name##_teardown(_metadata, &self); \
281 	} \
282 	static struct __test_metadata \
283 		      _##fixture_name##_##test_name##_object = { \
284 		name: #fixture_name "." #test_name, \
285 		fn: &wrapper_##fixture_name##_##test_name, \
286 		termsig: signal, \
287 	 }; \
288 	static void __attribute__((constructor)) \
289 			_register_##fixture_name##_##test_name(void) \
290 	{ \
291 		__register_test(&_##fixture_name##_##test_name##_object); \
292 	} \
293 	static void fixture_name##_##test_name( \
294 		struct __test_metadata __attribute__((unused)) *_metadata, \
295 		_FIXTURE_DATA(fixture_name) __attribute__((unused)) *self)
296 
297 /* Exports a simple wrapper to run the test harness. */
298 #define _TEST_HARNESS_MAIN \
299 	static void __attribute__((constructor)) \
300 	__constructor_order_last(void) \
301 	{ \
302 		if (!__constructor_order) \
303 			__constructor_order = _CONSTRUCTOR_ORDER_BACKWARD; \
304 	} \
305 	int main(int argc, char **argv) { \
306 		return test_harness_run(argc, argv); \
307 	}
308 
309 #define _ASSERT_EQ(_expected, _seen) \
310 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, ==, 1)
311 #define _ASSERT_NE(_expected, _seen) \
312 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, !=, 1)
313 #define _ASSERT_LT(_expected, _seen) \
314 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, <, 1)
315 #define _ASSERT_LE(_expected, _seen) \
316 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, <=, 1)
317 #define _ASSERT_GT(_expected, _seen) \
318 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, >, 1)
319 #define _ASSERT_GE(_expected, _seen) \
320 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, >=, 1)
321 #define _ASSERT_NULL(_seen) \
322 	__EXPECT(NULL, _seen, ==, 1)
323 
324 #define _ASSERT_TRUE(_seen) \
325 	_ASSERT_NE(0, _seen)
326 #define _ASSERT_FALSE(_seen) \
327 	_ASSERT_EQ(0, _seen)
328 #define _ASSERT_STREQ(_expected, _seen) \
329 	__EXPECT_STR(_expected, _seen, ==, 1)
330 #define _ASSERT_STRNE(_expected, _seen) \
331 	__EXPECT_STR(_expected, _seen, !=, 1)
332 
333 #define _EXPECT_EQ(_expected, _seen) \
334 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, ==, 0)
335 #define _EXPECT_NE(_expected, _seen) \
336 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, !=, 0)
337 #define _EXPECT_LT(_expected, _seen) \
338 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, <, 0)
339 #define _EXPECT_LE(_expected, _seen) \
340 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, <=, 0)
341 #define _EXPECT_GT(_expected, _seen) \
342 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, >, 0)
343 #define _EXPECT_GE(_expected, _seen) \
344 	__EXPECT(_expected, _seen, >=, 0)
345 
346 #define _EXPECT_NULL(_seen) \
347 	__EXPECT(NULL, _seen, ==, 0)
348 #define _EXPECT_TRUE(_seen) \
349 	_EXPECT_NE(0, _seen)
350 #define _EXPECT_FALSE(_seen) \
351 	_EXPECT_EQ(0, _seen)
352 
353 #define _EXPECT_STREQ(_expected, _seen) \
354 	__EXPECT_STR(_expected, _seen, ==, 0)
355 #define _EXPECT_STRNE(_expected, _seen) \
356 	__EXPECT_STR(_expected, _seen, !=, 0)
357 
358 #define ARRAY_SIZE(a)	(sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))
359 
360 /* Support an optional handler after and ASSERT_* or EXPECT_*.  The approach is
361  * not thread-safe, but it should be fine in most sane test scenarios.
362  *
363  * Using __bail(), which optionally abort()s, is the easiest way to early
364  * return while still providing an optional block to the API consumer.
365  */
366 #define OPTIONAL_HANDLER(_assert) \
367 	for (; _metadata->trigger;  _metadata->trigger = __bail(_assert))
368 
369 #define __EXPECT(_expected, _seen, _t, _assert) do { \
370 	/* Avoid multiple evaluation of the cases */ \
371 	__typeof__(_expected) __exp = (_expected); \
372 	__typeof__(_seen) __seen = (_seen); \
373 	if (!(__exp _t __seen)) { \
374 		unsigned long long __exp_print = (uintptr_t)__exp; \
375 		unsigned long long __seen_print = (uintptr_t)__seen; \
376 		__TH_LOG("Expected %s (%llu) %s %s (%llu)", \
377 			 #_expected, __exp_print, #_t, \
378 			 #_seen, __seen_print); \
379 		_metadata->passed = 0; \
380 		/* Ensure the optional handler is triggered */ \
381 		_metadata->trigger = 1; \
382 	} \
383 } while (0); OPTIONAL_HANDLER(_assert)
384 
385 #define __EXPECT_STR(_expected, _seen, _t, _assert) do { \
386 	const char *__exp = (_expected); \
387 	const char *__seen = (_seen); \
388 	if (!(strcmp(__exp, __seen) _t 0))  { \
389 		__TH_LOG("Expected '%s' %s '%s'.", __exp, #_t, __seen); \
390 		_metadata->passed = 0; \
391 		_metadata->trigger = 1; \
392 	} \
393 } while (0); OPTIONAL_HANDLER(_assert)
394 
395 /* Contains all the information for test execution and status checking. */
396 struct __test_metadata {
397 	const char *name;
398 	void (*fn)(struct __test_metadata *);
399 	int termsig;
400 	int passed;
401 	int trigger; /* extra handler after the evaluation */
402 	struct __test_metadata *prev, *next;
403 };
404 
405 /* Storage for the (global) tests to be run. */
406 static struct __test_metadata *__test_list;
407 static unsigned int __test_count;
408 static unsigned int __fixture_count;
409 static int __constructor_order;
410 
411 #define _CONSTRUCTOR_ORDER_FORWARD   1
412 #define _CONSTRUCTOR_ORDER_BACKWARD -1
413 
414 /*
415  * Since constructors are called in reverse order, reverse the test
416  * list so tests are run in source declaration order.
417  * https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gccint/Initialization.html
418  * However, it seems not all toolchains do this correctly, so use
419  * __constructor_order to detect which direction is called first
420  * and adjust list building logic to get things running in the right
421  * direction.
422  */
__register_test(struct __test_metadata * t)423 static inline void __register_test(struct __test_metadata *t)
424 {
425 	__test_count++;
426 	/* Circular linked list where only prev is circular. */
427 	if (__test_list == NULL) {
428 		__test_list = t;
429 		t->next = NULL;
430 		t->prev = t;
431 		return;
432 	}
433 	if (__constructor_order == _CONSTRUCTOR_ORDER_FORWARD) {
434 		t->next = NULL;
435 		t->prev = __test_list->prev;
436 		t->prev->next = t;
437 		__test_list->prev = t;
438 	} else {
439 		t->next = __test_list;
440 		t->next->prev = t;
441 		t->prev = t;
442 		__test_list = t;
443 	}
444 }
445 
__bail(int for_realz)446 static inline int __bail(int for_realz)
447 {
448 	if (for_realz)
449 		abort();
450 	return 0;
451 }
452 
__run_test(struct __test_metadata * t)453 void __run_test(struct __test_metadata *t)
454 {
455 	pid_t child_pid;
456 	int status;
457 
458 	t->passed = 1;
459 	t->trigger = 0;
460 	printf("[ RUN      ] %s\n", t->name);
461 	child_pid = fork();
462 	if (child_pid < 0) {
463 		printf("ERROR SPAWNING TEST CHILD\n");
464 		t->passed = 0;
465 	} else if (child_pid == 0) {
466 		t->fn(t);
467 		_exit(t->passed);
468 	} else {
469 		/* TODO(wad) add timeout support. */
470 		waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0);
471 		if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
472 			t->passed = t->termsig == -1 ? WEXITSTATUS(status) : 0;
473 			if (t->termsig != -1) {
474 				fprintf(TH_LOG_STREAM,
475 					"%s: Test exited normally "
476 					"instead of by signal (code: %d)\n",
477 					t->name,
478 					WEXITSTATUS(status));
479 			}
480 		} else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
481 			t->passed = 0;
482 			if (WTERMSIG(status) == SIGABRT) {
483 				fprintf(TH_LOG_STREAM,
484 					"%s: Test terminated by assertion\n",
485 					t->name);
486 			} else if (WTERMSIG(status) == t->termsig) {
487 				t->passed = 1;
488 			} else {
489 				fprintf(TH_LOG_STREAM,
490 					"%s: Test terminated unexpectedly "
491 					"by signal %d\n",
492 					t->name,
493 					WTERMSIG(status));
494 			}
495 		} else {
496 			fprintf(TH_LOG_STREAM,
497 				"%s: Test ended in some other way [%u]\n",
498 				t->name,
499 				status);
500 		}
501 	}
502 	printf("[     %4s ] %s\n", (t->passed ? "OK" : "FAIL"), t->name);
503 }
504 
test_harness_run(int argc,char ** argv)505 static int test_harness_run(int __attribute__((unused)) argc,
506 			    char __attribute__((unused)) **argv)
507 {
508 	struct __test_metadata *t;
509 	int ret = 0;
510 	unsigned int count = 0;
511 	unsigned int pass_count = 0;
512 
513 	/* TODO(wad) add optional arguments similar to gtest. */
514 	printf("[==========] Running %u tests from %u test cases.\n",
515 	       __test_count, __fixture_count + 1);
516 	for (t = __test_list; t; t = t->next) {
517 		count++;
518 		__run_test(t);
519 		if (t->passed)
520 			pass_count++;
521 		else
522 			ret = 1;
523 	}
524 	printf("[==========] %u / %u tests passed.\n", pass_count, count);
525 	printf("[  %s  ]\n", (ret ? "FAILED" : "PASSED"));
526 	return ret;
527 }
528 
__constructor_order_first(void)529 static void __attribute__((constructor)) __constructor_order_first(void)
530 {
531 	if (!__constructor_order)
532 		__constructor_order = _CONSTRUCTOR_ORDER_FORWARD;
533 }
534 
535 #endif  /* TEST_HARNESS_H_ */
536