1## 7.9\. Virtual Reality
2
3Android includes APIs and facilities to build "Virtual Reality" (VR)
4applications including high quality mobile VR experiences. Device
5implementations MUST properly implement these APIs and behaviors,
6as detailed in this section.
7
8### 7.9.1\. Virtual Reality Mode
9
10Android includes support for [VR Mode](
11https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Activity.html#setVrModeEnabled%28boolean, android.content.ComponentName%29),
12a feature which handles stereoscopic rendering of notifications and disables
13monocular system UI components while a VR application has user focus.
14
15### 7.9.2\. Virtual Reality High Performance
16
17If device implementations identify the support of high performance VR
18for longer user periods through the `android.hardware.vr.high_performance`
19feature flag, they:
20
21*   [C-1-1] MUST have at least 2 physical cores.
22*   [C-1-2] MUST declare `android.software.vr.mode feature`.
23*   [C-1-3] MUST support sustained performance mode.
24*   [C-1-4] MUST support OpenGL ES 3.2.
25*   [C-1-5] MUST support Vulkan Hardware Level 0 and SHOULD support
26    Vulkan Hardware Level 1.
27*   [C-1-6] MUST implement
28    [`EGL_KHR_mutable_render_buffer`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/EGL/extensions/KHR/EGL_KHR_mutable_render_buffer.txt),
29    [`EGL_ANDROID_front_buffer_auto_refresh`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/EGL/extensions/ANDROID/EGL_ANDROID_front_buffer_auto_refresh.txt),
30    [`EGL_ANDROID_get_native_client_buffer`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/EGL/extensions/ANDROID/EGL_ANDROID_get_native_client_buffer.txt),
31    [`EGL_KHR_fence_sync`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/EGL/extensions/KHR/EGL_KHR_fence_sync.txt),
32    [`EGL_KHR_wait_sync`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/EGL/extensions/KHR/EGL_KHR_wait_sync.txt),
33    [`EGL_IMG_context_priority`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/EGL/extensions/IMG/EGL_IMG_context_priority.txt),
34    [`EGL_EXT_protected_content`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/EGL/extensions/EXT/EGL_EXT_protected_content.txt),
35    and expose the extensions in the list of available EGL extensions.
36*   [C-1-7] The GPU and display MUST be able to synchronize access to the shared
37front buffer such that alternating-eye rendering of VR content at 60fps with two
38render contexts will be displayed with no visible tearing artifacts.
39*   [C-1-8] MUST implement
40    [`GL_EXT_multisampled_render_to_texture`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/EXT/EXT_multisampled_render_to_texture.txt),
41    [`GL_OVR_multiview`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/OVR/OVR_multiview.txt),
42    [`GL_OVR_multiview2`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/OVR/OVR_multiview2.txt),
43    [`GL_OVR_multiview_multisampled_render_to_texture`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/OVR/OVR_multiview_multisampled_render_to_texture.txt),
44    [`GL_EXT_protected_textures`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/EXT/EXT_protected_textures.txt),
45    [`GL_EXT_EGL_image_array`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/EXT/EXT_EGL_image_array.txt),
46    [`GL_EXT_external_buffer`](https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/EXT/EXT_external_buffer.txt),
47    and expose the extensions in the list of available GL extensions.
48*   [C-1-9] MUST implement support for [`AHardwareBuffer`](https://developer.android.com/ndk/reference/hardware__buffer_8h.html)
49    flags `AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_GPU_DATA_BUFFER` and
50    `AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_SENSOR_DIRECT_DATA` as
51    described in the NDK.
52*   [C-1-10] MUST implement support for `AHardwareBuffers` with more than one
53layer.
54*   [C-1-11] MUST support H.264 decoding at least 3840x2160@30fps-40Mbps
55(equivalent to 4 instances of 1920x1080@30fps-10Mbps or 2 instances of
561920x1080@60fps-20Mbps).
57*   [C-1-12] MUST support HEVC and VP9, MUST be capable to decode at least
58    1920x1080@30fps-10Mbps and SHOULD be capable to decode
59    3840x2160@30fps-20Mbps (equivalent to
60    4 instances of 1920x1080@30fps-5Mbps).
61*   [C-1-13] MUST support `HardwarePropertiesManager.getDeviceTemperatures` API
62and return accurate values for skin temperature.
63*   [C-1-14] MUST have an embedded screen, and its resolution MUST be at least be
64    FullHD(1080p) and STRONGLY RECOMMENDED TO BE  be QuadHD (1440p) or higher.
65*   [C-1-15] The display MUST update at least 60 Hz while in VR Mode.
66*   [C-1-16] The display latency (as measured on Gray-to-Gray, White-to-Black, and
67Black-to-White switching time) MUST be ≤ 6 milliseconds.
68*   [C-1-17] The display MUST support a low-persistence mode with ≤ 5 milliseconds
69persistence, persistence being defined as the amount of time for
70which a pixel is emitting light.
71*   [C-1-18] MUST support Bluetooth 4.2 and Bluetooth LE Data Length Extension
72    [section 7.4.3](#7_4_3_bluetooth).
73*   [C-1-19] MUST support and properly report [Direct Channel Type](
74    https://developer.android.com/reference/android/hardware/Sensor.html#isDirectChannelTypeSupported%28int%29")
75    for all of the following default sensor types:
76      * `TYPE_ACCELEROMETER`
77      * `TYPE_ACCELEROMETER_UNCALIBRATED`
78      * `TYPE_GYROSCOPE`
79      * `TYPE_GYROSCOPE_UNCALIBRATED`
80      * `TYPE_MAGNETIC_FIELD`
81      * `TYPE_MAGNETIC_FIELD_UNCALIBRATED`
82*   [C-1-20] MUST support the [`TYPE_HARDWARE_BUFFER`](
83https://developer.android.com/reference/android/hardware/SensorDirectChannel.html#TYPE_HARDWARE_BUFFER)
84    direct channel type for all Direct Channel Types listed above.
85*   [SR] Are STRONGLY RECOMMENDED to support
86    `android.hardware.sensor.hifi_sensors` feature and MUST meet the gyroscope,
87    accelerometer, and magnetometer related requirements for
88    `android.hardware.hifi_sensors`.
89*   MAY provide an exclusive core to the foreground
90    application and MAY support the `Process.getExclusiveCores` API to return
91    the numbers of the cpu cores that are exclusive to the top foreground
92    application.
93
94If exclusive core is supported, then the core:
95
96*   [C-2-1] MUST not allow any other userspace processes to run on it
97(except device drivers used by the application), but MAY allow some kernel
98processes to run as necessary.
99