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23<div><h1 class="title">
24<a name="manual"></a>Valgrind User Manual</h1></div>
25<div><p class="releaseinfo">Release 3.13.0 15 June 2017</p></div>
26<div><p class="copyright">Copyright � 2000-2017 <a class="ulink" href="http://www.valgrind.org/info/developers.html" target="_top">Valgrind Developers</a></p></div>
27<div><div class="legalnotice">
28<a name="idm140394925654576"></a><p>Email: <a class="ulink" href="mailto:valgrind@valgrind.org" target="_top">valgrind@valgrind.org</a></p>
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33<div class="toc">
34<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
35<dl class="toc">
36<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="manual-intro.html">1. Introduction</a></span></dt>
37<dd><dl>
38<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-intro.html#manual-intro.overview">1.1. An Overview of Valgrind</a></span></dt>
39<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-intro.html#manual-intro.navigation">1.2. How to navigate this manual</a></span></dt>
40</dl></dd>
41<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="manual-core.html">2. Using and understanding the Valgrind core</a></span></dt>
42<dd><dl>
43<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.whatdoes">2.1. What Valgrind does with your program</a></span></dt>
44<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.started">2.2. Getting started</a></span></dt>
45<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.comment">2.3. The Commentary</a></span></dt>
46<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.report">2.4. Reporting of errors</a></span></dt>
47<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.suppress">2.5. Suppressing errors</a></span></dt>
48<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.options">2.6. Core Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
49<dd><dl>
50<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.toolopts">2.6.1. Tool-selection Option</a></span></dt>
51<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.basicopts">2.6.2. Basic Options</a></span></dt>
52<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.erropts">2.6.3. Error-related Options</a></span></dt>
53<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.mallocopts">2.6.4. malloc-related Options</a></span></dt>
54<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.rareopts">2.6.5. Uncommon Options</a></span></dt>
55<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.debugopts">2.6.6. Debugging Options</a></span></dt>
56<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.defopts">2.6.7. Setting Default Options</a></span></dt>
57</dl></dd>
58<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.pthreads">2.7. Support for Threads</a></span></dt>
59<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.pthreads_perf_sched">2.7.1. Scheduling and Multi-Thread Performance</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
60<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.signals">2.8. Handling of Signals</a></span></dt>
61<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.xtree">2.9. Execution Trees</a></span></dt>
62<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.install">2.10. Building and Installing Valgrind</a></span></dt>
63<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.problems">2.11. If You Have Problems</a></span></dt>
64<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.limits">2.12. Limitations</a></span></dt>
65<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.example">2.13. An Example Run</a></span></dt>
66<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core.html#manual-core.warnings">2.14. Warning Messages You Might See</a></span></dt>
67</dl></dd>
68<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="manual-core-adv.html">3. Using and understanding the Valgrind core: Advanced Topics</a></span></dt>
69<dd><dl>
70<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.clientreq">3.1. The Client Request mechanism</a></span></dt>
71<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.gdbserver">3.2. Debugging your program using Valgrind gdbserver and GDB</a></span></dt>
72<dd><dl>
73<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.gdbserver-simple">3.2.1. Quick Start: debugging in 3 steps</a></span></dt>
74<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.gdbserver-concept">3.2.2. Valgrind gdbserver overall organisation</a></span></dt>
75<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.gdbserver-gdb">3.2.3. Connecting GDB to a Valgrind gdbserver</a></span></dt>
76<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.gdbserver-gdb-android">3.2.4. Connecting to an Android gdbserver</a></span></dt>
77<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.gdbserver-commandhandling">3.2.5. Monitor command handling by the Valgrind gdbserver</a></span></dt>
78<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.gdbserver-threads">3.2.6. Valgrind gdbserver thread information</a></span></dt>
79<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.gdbserver-shadowregisters">3.2.7. Examining and modifying Valgrind shadow registers</a></span></dt>
80<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.gdbserver-limitations">3.2.8. Limitations of the Valgrind gdbserver</a></span></dt>
81<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.vgdb">3.2.9. vgdb command line options</a></span></dt>
82<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.valgrind-monitor-commands">3.2.10. Valgrind monitor commands</a></span></dt>
83</dl></dd>
84<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.wrapping">3.3. Function wrapping</a></span></dt>
85<dd><dl>
86<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.wrapping.example">3.3.1. A Simple Example</a></span></dt>
87<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.wrapping.specs">3.3.2. Wrapping Specifications</a></span></dt>
88<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.wrapping.semantics">3.3.3. Wrapping Semantics</a></span></dt>
89<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.wrapping.debugging">3.3.4. Debugging</a></span></dt>
90<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.wrapping.limitations-cf">3.3.5. Limitations - control flow</a></span></dt>
91<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.wrapping.limitations-sigs">3.3.6. Limitations - original function signatures</a></span></dt>
92<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="manual-core-adv.html#manual-core-adv.wrapping.examples">3.3.7. Examples</a></span></dt>
93</dl></dd>
94</dl></dd>
95<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="mc-manual.html">4. Memcheck: a memory error detector</a></span></dt>
96<dd><dl>
97<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.overview">4.1. Overview</a></span></dt>
98<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.errormsgs">4.2. Explanation of error messages from Memcheck</a></span></dt>
99<dd><dl>
100<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.badrw">4.2.1. Illegal read / Illegal write errors</a></span></dt>
101<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.uninitvals">4.2.2. Use of uninitialised values</a></span></dt>
102<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.bad-syscall-args">4.2.3. Use of uninitialised or unaddressable values in system
103       calls</a></span></dt>
104<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.badfrees">4.2.4. Illegal frees</a></span></dt>
105<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.rudefn">4.2.5. When a heap block is freed with an inappropriate deallocation
106function</a></span></dt>
107<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.overlap">4.2.6. Overlapping source and destination blocks</a></span></dt>
108<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.fishyvalue">4.2.7. Fishy argument values</a></span></dt>
109<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.leaks">4.2.8. Memory leak detection</a></span></dt>
110</dl></dd>
111<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.options">4.3. Memcheck Command-Line Options</a></span></dt>
112<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.suppfiles">4.4. Writing suppression files</a></span></dt>
113<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.machine">4.5. Details of Memcheck's checking machinery</a></span></dt>
114<dd><dl>
115<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.value">4.5.1. Valid-value (V) bits</a></span></dt>
116<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.vaddress">4.5.2. Valid-address (A) bits</a></span></dt>
117<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.together">4.5.3. Putting it all together</a></span></dt>
118</dl></dd>
119<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.monitor-commands">4.6. Memcheck Monitor Commands</a></span></dt>
120<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.clientreqs">4.7. Client Requests</a></span></dt>
121<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.mempools">4.8. Memory Pools: describing and working with custom allocators</a></span></dt>
122<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.mpiwrap">4.9. Debugging MPI Parallel Programs with Valgrind</a></span></dt>
123<dd><dl>
124<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.mpiwrap.build">4.9.1. Building and installing the wrappers</a></span></dt>
125<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.mpiwrap.gettingstarted">4.9.2. Getting started</a></span></dt>
126<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.mpiwrap.controlling">4.9.3. Controlling the wrapper library</a></span></dt>
127<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.mpiwrap.limitations.functions">4.9.4. Functions</a></span></dt>
128<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.mpiwrap.limitations.types">4.9.5. Types</a></span></dt>
129<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.mpiwrap.writingwrappers">4.9.6. Writing new wrappers</a></span></dt>
130<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="mc-manual.html#mc-manual.mpiwrap.whattoexpect">4.9.7. What to expect when using the wrappers</a></span></dt>
131</dl></dd>
132</dl></dd>
133<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="cg-manual.html">5. Cachegrind: a cache and branch-prediction profiler</a></span></dt>
134<dd><dl>
135<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.overview">5.1. Overview</a></span></dt>
136<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.profile">5.2. Using Cachegrind, cg_annotate and cg_merge</a></span></dt>
137<dd><dl>
138<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.running-cachegrind">5.2.1. Running Cachegrind</a></span></dt>
139<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.outputfile">5.2.2. Output File</a></span></dt>
140<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.running-cg_annotate">5.2.3. Running cg_annotate</a></span></dt>
141<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.the-output-preamble">5.2.4. The Output Preamble</a></span></dt>
142<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.the-global">5.2.5. The Global and Function-level Counts</a></span></dt>
143<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.line-by-line">5.2.6. Line-by-line Counts</a></span></dt>
144<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.assembler">5.2.7. Annotating Assembly Code Programs</a></span></dt>
145<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#ms-manual.forkingprograms">5.2.8. Forking Programs</a></span></dt>
146<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.annopts.warnings">5.2.9. cg_annotate Warnings</a></span></dt>
147<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.annopts.things-to-watch-out-for">5.2.10. Unusual Annotation Cases</a></span></dt>
148<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.cg_merge">5.2.11. Merging Profiles with cg_merge</a></span></dt>
149<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.cg_diff">5.2.12. Differencing Profiles with cg_diff</a></span></dt>
150</dl></dd>
151<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.cgopts">5.3. Cachegrind Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
152<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.annopts">5.4. cg_annotate Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
153<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.mergeopts">5.5. cg_merge Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
154<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.diffopts">5.6. cg_diff Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
155<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.acting-on">5.7. Acting on Cachegrind's Information</a></span></dt>
156<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.sim-details">5.8. Simulation Details</a></span></dt>
157<dd><dl>
158<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cache-sim">5.8.1. Cache Simulation Specifics</a></span></dt>
159<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#branch-sim">5.8.2. Branch Simulation Specifics</a></span></dt>
160<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.annopts.accuracy">5.8.3. Accuracy</a></span></dt>
161</dl></dd>
162<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.impl-details">5.9. Implementation Details</a></span></dt>
163<dd><dl>
164<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.impl-details.how-cg-works">5.9.1. How Cachegrind Works</a></span></dt>
165<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cg-manual.html#cg-manual.impl-details.file-format">5.9.2. Cachegrind Output File Format</a></span></dt>
166</dl></dd>
167</dl></dd>
168<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="cl-manual.html">6. Callgrind: a call-graph generating cache and branch prediction profiler</a></span></dt>
169<dd><dl>
170<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.use">6.1. Overview</a></span></dt>
171<dd><dl>
172<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.functionality">6.1.1. Functionality</a></span></dt>
173<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.basics">6.1.2. Basic Usage</a></span></dt>
174</dl></dd>
175<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.usage">6.2. Advanced Usage</a></span></dt>
176<dd><dl>
177<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.dumps">6.2.1. Multiple profiling dumps from one program run</a></span></dt>
178<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.limits">6.2.2. Limiting the range of collected events</a></span></dt>
179<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.busevents">6.2.3. Counting global bus events</a></span></dt>
180<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.cycles">6.2.4. Avoiding cycles</a></span></dt>
181<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.forkingprograms">6.2.5. Forking Programs</a></span></dt>
182</dl></dd>
183<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.options">6.3. Callgrind Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
184<dd><dl>
185<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.options.creation">6.3.1. Dump creation options</a></span></dt>
186<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.options.activity">6.3.2. Activity options</a></span></dt>
187<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.options.collection">6.3.3. Data collection options</a></span></dt>
188<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.options.separation">6.3.4. Cost entity separation options</a></span></dt>
189<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.options.simulation">6.3.5. Simulation options</a></span></dt>
190<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.options.cachesimulation">6.3.6. Cache simulation options</a></span></dt>
191</dl></dd>
192<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.monitor-commands">6.4. Callgrind Monitor Commands</a></span></dt>
193<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.clientrequests">6.5. Callgrind specific client requests</a></span></dt>
194<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.callgrind_annotate-options">6.6. callgrind_annotate Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
195<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="cl-manual.html#cl-manual.callgrind_control-options">6.7. callgrind_control Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
196</dl></dd>
197<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="hg-manual.html">7. Helgrind: a thread error detector</a></span></dt>
198<dd><dl>
199<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.overview">7.1. Overview</a></span></dt>
200<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.api-checks">7.2. Detected errors: Misuses of the POSIX pthreads API</a></span></dt>
201<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.lock-orders">7.3. Detected errors: Inconsistent Lock Orderings</a></span></dt>
202<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.data-races">7.4. Detected errors: Data Races</a></span></dt>
203<dd><dl>
204<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.data-races.example">7.4.1. A Simple Data Race</a></span></dt>
205<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.data-races.algorithm">7.4.2. Helgrind's Race Detection Algorithm</a></span></dt>
206<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.data-races.errmsgs">7.4.3. Interpreting Race Error Messages</a></span></dt>
207</dl></dd>
208<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.effective-use">7.5. Hints and Tips for Effective Use of Helgrind</a></span></dt>
209<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.options">7.6. Helgrind Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
210<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.monitor-commands">7.7. Helgrind Monitor Commands</a></span></dt>
211<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.client-requests">7.8. Helgrind Client Requests</a></span></dt>
212<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="hg-manual.html#hg-manual.todolist">7.9. A To-Do List for Helgrind</a></span></dt>
213</dl></dd>
214<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="drd-manual.html">8. DRD: a thread error detector</a></span></dt>
215<dd><dl>
216<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.overview">8.1. Overview</a></span></dt>
217<dd><dl>
218<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.mt-progr-models">8.1.1. Multithreaded Programming Paradigms</a></span></dt>
219<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.pthreads-model">8.1.2. POSIX Threads Programming Model</a></span></dt>
220<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.mt-problems">8.1.3. Multithreaded Programming Problems</a></span></dt>
221<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.data-race-detection">8.1.4. Data Race Detection</a></span></dt>
222</dl></dd>
223<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.using-drd">8.2. Using DRD</a></span></dt>
224<dd><dl>
225<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.options">8.2.1. DRD Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
226<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.data-races">8.2.2. Detected Errors: Data Races</a></span></dt>
227<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.lock-contention">8.2.3. Detected Errors: Lock Contention</a></span></dt>
228<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.api-checks">8.2.4. Detected Errors: Misuse of the POSIX threads API</a></span></dt>
229<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.clientreqs">8.2.5. Client Requests</a></span></dt>
230<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.C++11">8.2.6. Debugging C++11 Programs</a></span></dt>
231<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.gnome">8.2.7. Debugging GNOME Programs</a></span></dt>
232<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.boost.thread">8.2.8. Debugging Boost.Thread Programs</a></span></dt>
233<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.openmp">8.2.9. Debugging OpenMP Programs</a></span></dt>
234<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.cust-mem-alloc">8.2.10. DRD and Custom Memory Allocators</a></span></dt>
235<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.drd-versus-memcheck">8.2.11. DRD Versus Memcheck</a></span></dt>
236<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.resource-requirements">8.2.12. Resource Requirements</a></span></dt>
237<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.effective-use">8.2.13. Hints and Tips for Effective Use of DRD</a></span></dt>
238</dl></dd>
239<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.Pthreads">8.3. Using the POSIX Threads API Effectively</a></span></dt>
240<dd><dl>
241<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.mutex-types">8.3.1. Mutex types</a></span></dt>
242<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.condvar">8.3.2. Condition variables</a></span></dt>
243<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.pctw">8.3.3. pthread_cond_timedwait and timeouts</a></span></dt>
244</dl></dd>
245<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.limitations">8.4. Limitations</a></span></dt>
246<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="drd-manual.html#drd-manual.feedback">8.5. Feedback</a></span></dt>
247</dl></dd>
248<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ms-manual.html">9. Massif: a heap profiler</a></span></dt>
249<dd><dl>
250<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.overview">9.1. Overview</a></span></dt>
251<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.using">9.2. Using Massif and ms_print</a></span></dt>
252<dd><dl>
253<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.anexample">9.2.1. An Example Program</a></span></dt>
254<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.running-massif">9.2.2. Running Massif</a></span></dt>
255<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.running-ms_print">9.2.3. Running ms_print</a></span></dt>
256<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.theoutputpreamble">9.2.4. The Output Preamble</a></span></dt>
257<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.theoutputgraph">9.2.5. The Output Graph</a></span></dt>
258<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.thesnapshotdetails">9.2.6. The Snapshot Details</a></span></dt>
259<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.forkingprograms">9.2.7. Forking Programs</a></span></dt>
260<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.not-measured">9.2.8. Measuring All Memory in a Process</a></span></dt>
261<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.acting">9.2.9. Acting on Massif's Information</a></span></dt>
262</dl></dd>
263<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.options">9.3. Massif Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
264<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.monitor-commands">9.4. Massif Monitor Commands</a></span></dt>
265<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.clientreqs">9.5. Massif Client Requests</a></span></dt>
266<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.ms_print-options">9.6. ms_print Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
267<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ms-manual.html#ms-manual.fileformat">9.7. Massif's Output File Format</a></span></dt>
268</dl></dd>
269<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="dh-manual.html">10. DHAT: a dynamic heap analysis tool</a></span></dt>
270<dd><dl>
271<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="dh-manual.html#dh-manual.overview">10.1. Overview</a></span></dt>
272<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="dh-manual.html#dh-manual.understanding">10.2. Understanding DHAT's output</a></span></dt>
273<dd><dl>
274<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="dh-manual.html#idm140394924138288">10.2.1. Interpreting the max-live, tot-alloc and deaths fields</a></span></dt>
275<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="dh-manual.html#idm140394926128304">10.2.2. Interpreting the acc-ratios fields</a></span></dt>
276<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="dh-manual.html#idm140394925890256">10.2.3. Interpreting "Aggregated access counts by offset" data</a></span></dt>
277</dl></dd>
278<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="dh-manual.html#dh-manual.options">10.3. DHAT Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
279</dl></dd>
280<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="sg-manual.html">11. SGCheck: an experimental stack and global array overrun detector</a></span></dt>
281<dd><dl>
282<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="sg-manual.html#sg-manual.overview">11.1. Overview</a></span></dt>
283<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="sg-manual.html#sg-manual.options">11.2. SGCheck Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
284<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="sg-manual.html#sg-manual.how-works.sg-checks">11.3. How SGCheck Works</a></span></dt>
285<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="sg-manual.html#sg-manual.cmp-w-memcheck">11.4. Comparison with Memcheck</a></span></dt>
286<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="sg-manual.html#sg-manual.limitations">11.5. Limitations</a></span></dt>
287<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="sg-manual.html#sg-manual.todo-user-visible">11.6. Still To Do: User-visible Functionality</a></span></dt>
288<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="sg-manual.html#sg-manual.todo-implementation">11.7. Still To Do: Implementation Tidying</a></span></dt>
289</dl></dd>
290<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="bbv-manual.html">12. BBV: an experimental basic block vector generation tool</a></span></dt>
291<dd><dl>
292<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="bbv-manual.html#bbv-manual.overview">12.1. Overview</a></span></dt>
293<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="bbv-manual.html#bbv-manual.quickstart">12.2. Using Basic Block Vectors to create SimPoints</a></span></dt>
294<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="bbv-manual.html#bbv-manual.usage">12.3. BBV Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
295<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="bbv-manual.html#bbv-manual.fileformat">12.4. Basic Block Vector File Format</a></span></dt>
296<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="bbv-manual.html#bbv-manual.implementation">12.5. Implementation</a></span></dt>
297<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="bbv-manual.html#bbv-manual.threadsupport">12.6. Threaded Executable Support</a></span></dt>
298<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="bbv-manual.html#bbv-manual.validation">12.7. Validation</a></span></dt>
299<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="bbv-manual.html#bbv-manual.performance">12.8. Performance</a></span></dt>
300</dl></dd>
301<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="lk-manual.html">13. Lackey: an example tool</a></span></dt>
302<dd><dl>
303<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="lk-manual.html#lk-manual.overview">13.1. Overview</a></span></dt>
304<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="lk-manual.html#lk-manual.options">13.2. Lackey Command-line Options</a></span></dt>
305</dl></dd>
306<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="nl-manual.html">14. Nulgrind: the minimal Valgrind tool</a></span></dt>
307<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="nl-manual.html#ms-manual.overview">14.1. Overview</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
308</dl>
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